Characterization of lipid extracts from brain tissue and tumors using Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry |
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Authors: | Milena Köhler Susanne Machill Reiner Salzer Christoph Krafft |
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Institution: | (1) Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany;(2) Present address: Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany |
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Abstract: | Brain tissue is characterized by high lipid content. The amount of lipids decreases, and its composition changes in the most
frequent primary brain tumor, the glioma. Scope of the current paper was to extract quantitatively lipids from porcine and
human brain tissue as well as from five human gliomas using a modified protocol according to Folch. The lipid extracts were
studied by Raman spectroscopy with 785 nm excitation and by mass spectrometry with electron impact ionization. Porcine and
human brain tissues have similar water and lipid content and show similar Raman and mass spectra. In contrast, gliomas are
characterized by increased water content and decreased lipid content. Elevated phosphatidylcholine to cholesterol ratios in
lipid extracts of gliomas were indicated by Raman bands of the choline group and cholesterol. Due to its higher sensitivity,
mass spectrometry detected increased levels of cholesterol ester relative to cholesterol in lipid extracts of gliomas. For
comparison, thin tissue sections were prepared from the glioma specimens before lipid extraction; infrared spectroscopic images
were recorded and analyzed by a supervised classification model. This study demonstrates how to improve the analysis of brain
tumors and to complement the diagnosis of brain pathologies using a multimodal approach. |
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Keywords: | Biopolymers/lipids IR spectroscopy/Raman spectroscopy Mass spectrometry/ICP-MS |
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