杂双子表面活性剂的研究进展

分子结构对称的gemini 表面活性剂是通过联接链将两个相同头基和相同烷烃链的普通表面活性剂在头基或靠近头基处以化学键方式联接在一起,这种表面活性剂产生了新颖且复杂的自组织行为,引起人们的高度关注。但由于合成上的困难,迄今为止较少研究分子结构不对称的gemini 表面活性剂(又称为杂双子表面活性剂,heterogemini surfactant) 。初步研究显示heterogeminis 在分子自组织过程中具有更多可调控的分子结构因素,获得了某些新颖的结果,例如明显增大了自组织过程的焓驱动力,正-负离子头基分子构成了无反离子的体系,长-短烷烃主链分子成功地将形成的囊泡串接起来等。本文综述当前的研究进展,并提出某些潜在的研究意义。

Advances in Heterogemini Surfactants

Symmetrical gemini surfactants are made up of two identical amphiphilic moieties covalently connected at the level of the headgroups by a spacer chain.The gemini surfactants have been attracting increasing attention owing to their novel and complicated self-assembly behaviour.Up to now,however,only a few works have been focused on unsymmetrical gemini surfactants(also called heterogeminis) because of the difficulty for synthesis.The initial investigations showed that the heterogeminis have more molecular structure factors that can be regulated and governed during the process of the molecular self-assembly than symmetrical geminis. Some novel results had been obtained,for example,enhanced driving force of enthalpy factor,constructed counterions-free systems by the heterogeminis containing cationic-anionic head groups and bound vesicles formed by heterogeminis making use of its different length of alkyl chains,etc.The advances in investigating heterogemini surfactants are reviewed and the potential significance in study of heterogeminis is pointed out.