Van der Waals networks in the compressive deformation of polyethylene

The compressive stress-strain behavior of biaxially oriented polyethylene (PE), obtained by pressing uniaxially oriented samples, is described with the aid of the van der Waals equation of state. Results are discussed in terms of two parameters: the biaxiality (B) and the biaxial draw ratio (), which offer a measure of the strain along the two principal directions and of the average draw ratio on the film plane, respectively. Comparison of experimental and calculated data indicates that after compression up to very large deformations the maximum average strain ( _m ), which is proportional to the square root of the chain length of the network, remains constant. This result supports the view that the network of entanglements is not destroyed after compression. Experiments carried out on isotropic melt crystallized PE show the presence of a network having a not very different chain length. Finally, it is shown that the segment length of this network is close to the X-ray long period of the initial structure. This result implies the existence of a high density of entanglements (two entanglements every three adjacent lamellae), which are rejected into the defective layer of the crystals.