秸秆预处理工艺对秸秆基人造板性能的影响

随着木材工业的快速发展,以及木材原料的日益减少,利用农作物秸秆代替木材生产复合材料十分必要。 本文以水稻秸秆为原料,以脲醛树脂为粘合剂,通过湿热法、偶联剂表面化学改性的方法,对秸秆表面进行改性,从而提高了树脂和秸秆之间的结合力,探索了水稻秸秆板的制作工艺。 实验表明较好的制备工艺为:温度150 ℃,压强15 MPa,热压时间8 min,树脂胶粉和水的质量比为1:1,脲醛树脂胶含量为15%(质量分数),发现秸秆表面预处理采用γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)偶联剂后,所制得的秸秆板的诸多性能优于未经预处理及采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)进行改性后所制的秸秆板。

Effect of Pretreatment Methods of Rice Straw on Straw Board Properties

The renewable lignocellulosic sources for biocomposites have received much attention in recent years because of the shortage of forest resources. The surface of rice straw was pretreated through humid-heat and chemical modification by coupling reagent which could improve the adhesion capacity between urea formaldehyde resin and rice straw. Meanwhile, the process of fabricating straw board was explored in this paper. The experimental data shows that the straw boards with perfect properties are prepared under the temperature of 150 ℃, the pressure of 15 MPa, the hot pressing time of 8 min, the mass ratio of resin powder to water of 1:1, and the urea formaldehyde resin adhesive content of 15%(mass fraction). The straw boards prepared by 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane(KH560) as surface modification reagent show better properties than those by KH550 and untreated rice straw.