Ferrate(VI) and ferrate(V) oxidation of cyanide,thiocyanate, and copper(I) cyanide |
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| Institution: | 1. Chemistry Department, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, Upton, NY 11973, USA;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Turkey;2. Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran;1. Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia;2. Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2162, 2362854, Valparaíso, Chile;1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China;2. Centre of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, PR China;3. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China;2. Technology R & D Center for Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, United States |
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| Abstract: | Cyanide (CN?), thiocyanate (SCN?), and copper(I) cyanide (Cu(CN)43?) are common constituents in the wastes of many industrial processes such as metal finishing and gold mining, and their treatment is required before the safe discharge of effluent. The oxidation of CN?, SCN?, and Cu(CN)43? by ferrate(VI) (FeVIO42?; Fe(VI)) and ferrate(V) (FeVO43?; Fe(V)) has been studied using stopped-flow and premix pulse radiolysis techniques. The rate laws for the oxidation of cyanides were found to be first-order with respect to each reactant. The second-order rate constants decreased with increasing pH because the deprotonated species, FeO42?, is less reactive than the protonated Fe(VI) species, HFeO4?. Cyanides react 103–105 times faster with Fe(V) than with Fe(VI). The Fe(V) reaction with CN? proceeds by sequential one-electron reductions from Fe(V) to Fe(IV) to Fe(III). However, a two-electron transfer process from Fe(V) to Fe(III) occurs in the reaction of Fe(V) with SCN? and Cu(CN)43?. The toxic CN? species of cyanide wastes is converted into relatively non-toxic cyanate (NCO?). Results indicate that Fe(VI) is highly efficient in removing cyanides from electroplating rinse water and gold mill effluent. |
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