大港减压渣油超临界萃取萃余残渣结构特征研究

〗通过超临界萃取方法对大港减压渣油进行深度窄馏分切割，利用钌离子催化氧化（RICO）对其抽余残渣进行选择性降解，对降解生成的混合物进行分离，其中非挥发性羧酸进行甲酯化处理，挥发性羧酸进行苯甲酰甲酯化，最后分别利用GC-MS等方法进行定性定量分析。结果表明，大港减压渣油超临界萃取萃余残渣分子中含有大量与芳环相连的正构烷基侧链和桥接芳环的聚亚甲基链，芳环的缩合程度小于利用结构族组成等分析方法分析大港减压渣油沥青质得到的结果。大港减压渣油超临界萃取萃余残渣的共价结构信息可对该原料的加工和优化利用提供指导。

Structure features of the supercritical fluid extraction and fraction tailing of Dagang vacuum residue

Dagang vacuum residue was cut into sixteen fractions with supercritical fluid extraction and fraction (SFEF) instrument. The tailing was degraded by ruthenium ions catalyzed oxidation (RICO) reaction. From this reaction, homologous series of n alkanoic acids, α,ω di n alkanoic acids and benzenepolycarboxylic acids were detected and measured after esterification with diazomethane or phenacyl bromide. Wherein, n alkanoic acids represented aromatic attached n alkyl side chains, α,ω di n alkanoic acids presented the structure features of the polymethylene bridges between two aromaticunits, and those benzenepolycarboxylic acids indicated the major mode of aromatic condensations in the tailing. The products identified in this study show that the structure features of SFEF tailing, especially aromatic condensations mode, are not same as those results reported. Such information is very useful and important for the deep processing and optimize use of Dagang vacuum residue.