气相色谱-质谱技术分析姜油树脂中的挥发性及非挥发性成分

用超临界CO2萃取生姜根茎中的姜油树脂,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其进行了成分分析。从姜油树脂中分析出77种化合物,其中挥发油成分50种,主要是α-姜烯(22.29%)、 β-倍半水芹烯(8.58%)、α-法尼烯(3.93%)、 β-没药烯(3.87%)和α-姜黄烯(2.63%)等倍半萜类化合物;姜辣素成分27种,主要成分为6-姜酚(9.38%)、6-姜烯酚(7.59%)和分析过程中由姜酚类或姜烯酚类化合物受热分解而形成的姜油酮(9.24%)。在姜辣素成分中，6-异姜酚、(Z)-10-异姜烯酚和(E)-10-异姜烯酚3种化合物是新发现的未见报道的化合物。实验中对这3种新化合物进行了质谱裂解分析。

Analysis of volatile and non-volatile compositions in ginger oleoresin by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Ginger oleoresin was extracted from Zingiber officinale Rosc.var. Laiwudajiang by the technique of supercritical fluid extraction. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry technique were employed to analyze the ginger oleoresin. This analysis resulted in the detection of 3 hitherto unknown natural compounds, 24 compounds previously reported as pungent compounds and 50 volatile compounds from ginger. The volatile compounds were mainly α-zingiberene (22.29%), β-sesquiphellandrene (8.58%), α-farnesene (3.93%), β-bisabolene (3.87%), α-curcumene (2.63%), which were mostly consisted of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The pungent compounds of ginger were mainly 6-gingerol (9.38%), 6-shogaol (7.59%), zingerone (9.24%) produced by the thermal degradation of gingerols or shogaols. The mass spectral fragmentation patterns for the three new compounds (6-isogingerol, (Z)-10-isoshogaol, (E)-10-isoshogaol) are discussed and interpreted.