基于ZnO电子传输层钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究进展

作为新一代低成本、高效率的光伏器件，以有机卤化铅CH₃NH₃PbX₃(MAPbX₃,X=Br、I、Cl)为光吸收层的钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)相比于其他类型的光伏器件，具有原料丰富、工艺简单等特点。在较短的时间内，该类电池效率已由3.8%迅速攀升至25.7%,几乎可以媲美商用硅太阳能电池，成为能源应用领域的一颗新星。氧化锌(ZnO)因其具有材料易于加工、电子迁移率高、制造成本低廉且形貌结构多样等优点，被作为该类电池较为重要的一种电子传输层(ETL)而被广为研究。本文主要以不同结构的ZnO纳米薄膜ETL作为研究对象，对其在PSCs中的应用进行了总结，详细介绍了基于不同形貌ZnO纳米结构PSCs的研究进展，分析了该类电池面临的主要问题与解决处理方式，并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

Research Progress of Perovskite Solar Cells Based on ZnO as Electron Transport Layer

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with CH₃NH₃PbX₃ (MAPbX₃, X=Br, I, Cl) as light-absorbing layer are used as a new generation of low-cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic devices. Compared with other types of photovoltaic devices, this type of cell has the advantages of abundant raw materials, simple process, etc., and its efficiency has risen rapidly from 3.8% to 25.7% in less than 15 years. It is almost comparable to commercial silicon solar cells and has become a new star in the field of energy applications. Normally, zinc oxide (ZnO) has been widely studied as the most important electron transport layer (ETL) of PSCs because of its advantages such as easy processed, high electron mobility, low manufacturing cost, and diverse morphology and structure. In this paper, ETL of ZnO nano film with different structures is taken as the research object, and its application in PSCs is summarized. The research progress of PSCs based on different morphology ZnO nano structures is introduced in detail, and the main problems faced by this type of solar cells are analyzed. In addition, the development trend of this device is proposed.