基于带状弹簧的空间望远镜精密展开技术进展

采用带状弹簧构造的可折叠多杆并联结构对卡塞格林型望远镜的次镜进行支撑，并结合在轨调节，可以实现口径＜1 m的可展开空间望远镜。描述了基于带状弹簧的可展开空间望远镜的结构特点，介绍了近年来发表的四杆支撑、八杆支撑、三杆支撑和六杆支撑等4种基于带状弹簧的空间望远镜精密展开技术的研究进展。建议针对带状弹簧空间望远镜的精密展开技术，应进一步开展结构动力学建模、结构优化以及误差的光电测量和校正等方面的研究。此外，在模拟微重力环境下展开实验也有助于推动展开动力学和展开精度的研究，而非对称展开结构将是今后该项技术的研究方向之一。认为开展基于带状弹簧的空间望远镜精密展开技术的研究将促进基于微小卫星平台的高分辨率遥感成像和自由空间光通信技术的发展。

Advance in precision deployment techniques for space telescopes based on tape springs

A deployable space telescope with an aperture bellow one meter can be realized easily by using foldable multi pod parallel structures based on tape springs to support the secondary mirror of a Cassegrain type telescope and by adjusting the structures on orbit. This paper introduces the structural features of the deployable space telescopes based on tape springs, and presents the research advances in the four techniques published in recent years for the space telescope precision deployments based on tape springs, namely, quadripod, octapod, tripod, and hexapod supports. It suggests that research on the precision deployments of space telescopes based on tape springs in future should put the focuses on the modelling and optimizing of deployment structures and the measurement and correction of the deployment deviation. Moreover, making an experiment in simulated gravity environments will be conductive to better research on the structure dynamics and deployment precision. Also, the development of an asymmetric deployable structure is a good choice for an off axis telescope. Finally, it indicates that the improvement of deployment structures for space telescopes reported here will be a promising technique for high resolution remote sensing imaging and free space optical communications.