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The Kidder Equation:
Authors:Roberto Iacono   John P Boyd
Institution:University of Michigan
Abstract:The Kidder problem is urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0002 with urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0003 and urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0004 where urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0005. This looks challenging because of the square root singularity. We prove, however, that urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0006 for all urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0007. Other very simple but very accurate curve fits and bounds are given in the text; urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0008. Maple code for a rational Chebyshev pseudospectral method is given as a table. Convergence is geometric until the coefficients are urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0009 when the coefficients urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0010. An initial‐value problem is obtained if urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0011 is known; the slope Chebyshev series has only a fourth‐order rate of convergence until a simple change‐of‐coordinate restores a geometric rate of convergence, empirically proportional to urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0012. Kidder's perturbation theory (in powers of α) is much inferior to a delta‐expansion given here for the first time. A quadratic‐over‐quadratic Padé approximant in the exponentially mapped coordinate urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0013 predicts the slope at the origin very accurately up to about urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0014. Finally, it is shown that the singular case urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12073:sapm12073-math-0015 can be expressed in terms of the solution to the Blasius equation.
Keywords:
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