Carbon-13 NMR and conformational analysis of meso- and dl-α,α′-disubstituted succinic acids

meso-and dl-Diastereomers of a number of α,α′-disubstituted succinic acids have been shown to give different ¹³C NMR chemical shifts. The results can be satisfactorily explained on the basis of their conformational analyses. A discussion of the observed chemical shifts is presented, and the preferred conformation for each of several compounds is predicted on the basis of these chemical shifts.