锂电池电极过程的原位电化学原子力显微镜研究进展

随着人类对能源的使用与存储需求不断增加,高能量密度和高安全性能的二次锂电池体系正在被不断地开发与完善.深入理解充放电过程中锂电池内部电极/电解质界面的电化学过程以及微观反应机理,有利于指导电池材料的优化设计.原位电化学原子力显微镜将原子力显微镜的高分辨表界面分析优势与电化学反应装置相结合,能够在电池运行条件下实现对电极/电解质界面的原位可视化研究,并进一步从纳米尺度上揭示界面结构的演化规律与动力学过程.本文总结了原位电化学原子力显微镜在锂电池电极过程中的最新研究进展,主要包括基于转化型反应的正极过程、固体电解质中间相的动态演化以及固态电池界面演化与失效分析.

Recent progress of the electrode processes in lithium batteries via in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy

With the increasing demands for energy utilization and storage,the secondary lithium batteries with high energy-density and high safety performance are being continuously developed and improved.An in-depth understanding of the electrochemical process and corresponding micro-mechanism at the electrode/electrolyte interface of lithium batteries during charging and discharging is beneficial to open new avenues of guiding the optimal design of battery materials.In situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy(AFM)combines high-resolution surface-imaging of AFM with electrochemical characterizations,unraveling the direct visualization and dynamic evolution of the electrode/electrolyte interface in a working battery at nanoscale.This article reviews the latest research progress of in situ electrochemical AFM investigations into the electrode processes of lithium batteries,including the interfacial reaction process of the conversion-type cathode,the dynamic evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase film at the electrode/electrolyte interface,and the structural evolution in solid-state lithium batteries.