Sensor application-related defect chemistry and electromechanical properties of langasite |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Natural and Materials Sciences, Clausthal University of Technology, Robert-Koch-Str. 42, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;1. College of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China;2. College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China;1. Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), UMR 6502, Université de Nantes, CNRS, 02 rue de la Houssinière B.P. 32229, 44322, Nantes Cedex 3, France;2. Centro de Microanálisis de Materiales, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain;3. Departamento de Física Aplicada e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain;1. Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Malaysia;2. Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Malaysia;1. Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Malaysia;2. Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Malaysia;1. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;2. Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan;3. Suzhou Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taicang 215400, Jiangsu Province, China;1. Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan;2. New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, 6-6-10 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan;3. Piezo Studio Inc., 6-6-40 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan;4. C&A Corporation, 6-6-40 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan;5. Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The operation of langasite (La3Ga5SiO14) resonators as sensors at elevated temperature and controlled atmospheres is examined. This paper focuses on mapping the regimes of gas-insensitive operation of uncoated langasite resonators and the correlation to langasite's defect chemistry for temperatures up to 1000 °C. As a measure of sensitivity, the fundamental resonant mode at 5 MHz is estimated to be determined to within ± 4 Hz by network analysis for resonators operated in air at temperatures below 1000 °C. The calculated frequency shift induced by redox-related reactions in langasite only exceeds the limit of ± 4 Hz below pO2 ≈ 10− 17 bar at 1000 °C, below 10− 24 bar at 800 °C and below 10− 36 bar at 600 °C. Water vapor is found to shift the resonance frequency at higher oxygen partial pressures. In the hydrogen-containing atmospheres applied here, langasite can be regarded as a stable resonator material above oxygen partial pressures of about 10− 13 and 10− 20 bar at 800 and 600 °C, respectively. |
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