海洛因与甲基苯丙胺毒品滥用者毛发特征分析的比较

根据海洛因和甲基苯丙胺滥用者毛发中毒品及其代谢物的分布特点，通过实验比较了两类毒品滥用者毛发的分析特点。 海洛因吸食者毛发采用甲醇超声释放待测物，而后直接调整pH值进行液相萃取，萃取物挥干后进行衍生化并进行GC/MS检测；甲基苯丙胺吸食者毛发在碱性条件下消解，然后采用小体积萃取，直接在提取液中衍生化，并进行GC/MS检测。 通过空白毛发标准添加6-单乙酰吗啡、吗啡和可待因进行分析，3种鸦片类毒品最小检测限均小于 3 μg/g，RSD(n=5)为2.5%~9.6%；通过空白毛发标准添加苯丙胺、甲基苯丙胺、3,4-(亚甲二氧基)苯丙胺和3,4-(亚甲二氧基)-甲基苯丙胺进行分析，4种苯丙胺类毒品的最小检测限为0.05 μg/g，RSD(n=5)为5%~14%。

Comparison ofAnalysis Characteristics ofHair Samples from Heroin and Methampetamine-Abusers

The paper compared the characteristics of the hair samples from heroin and methamphetamine-abusers based on the distribution characteristics of the two categories of drugs and their metabolists in hair. Analytes from heroin abuser′s hair were collected in methanol by ultrasonication followed by liquid extraction at desirable pH. The methanol was evaporated to dryness and the residue was derivatized and detected by GC/MS. Hair from methamphetamine users was digested under alkali condition followed directly by small volume extraction in the solution. The analytes was derivatized in the extracted solution and detected by GC/MS. Two methods were validated by spiking standards in blank hair. The results show that the detection limits are 3 μg/g hair for 3 opioids (morphine, codeine and 6-monoacetyl morphine) with RSD of 2.5%~9.6%(n=5) and 0.05 μg/g hair for 4 amphetamines (amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) with RSD of 5%~14%(n=5), respectively.