Simultaneous measurement of total water content and myelin water fraction in brain at 3 T using a T2 relaxation based method |
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| Institution: | 1. Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada;2. Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada;3. Radiology, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada;1. Paul C. Lauterbur Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China;2. Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China;1. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, 729 Arapeen Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;2. Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, 36 S Wasatch Drive, Rm 3100, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;3. Siemens Medical Solutions, Inc., 660 First Avenue, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA;4. Siemens Medical Solutions, Inc., 729 Arapeen Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;5. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 30 N 1900 E, Rm 4R312, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;1. Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;2. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;1. Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;2. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany;3. Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland;4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;5. Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;6. Pathology Clinic, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;7. Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;8. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;9. Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;1. University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States;2. Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States;3. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States;4. Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, United States;5. GenEpria Consulting Inc., Columbia MD 21046, United States |
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| Abstract: | PurposeThis work demonstrates the in vivo application of a T2 relaxation based total water content (TWC) measurement technique at 3 T in healthy human brain, and evaluates accuracy using simulations that model brain tissue. The benefit of using T2 relaxation is that it provides simultaneous measurements of myelin water fraction, which correlates to myelin content.MethodsT2 relaxation data was collected from 10 healthy human subjects with a gradient and spin echo (GRASE) sequence, along with inversion recovery for T1 mapping. Voxel-wise T2 distributions were calculated by fitting the T2 relaxation data with a non-negative least squares algorithm incorporating B1+ inhomogeneity corrections. TWC was the sum of the signals in the T2 distribution, corrected for T1 relaxation and receiver coil inhomogeneity, relative to either an external water standard or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Simulations were performed to determine theoretical errors in TWC.ResultsTWC values measured in healthy human brain relative to both external and CSF standards agreed with literature values. Simulations demonstrated that TWC could be measured to within 3–4% accuracy.ConclusionIn vivo TWC measurement using T2 relaxation at 3 T works well and provides a valuable tool for studying neurological diseases with both myelin and water changes. |
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