Enhanced sonochemical degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid by sulfate ions |
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| Institution: | 1. Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71, Chou-Shan Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC;2. School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA;1. Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan;2. Depertment of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh;3. Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210012, Tucson, AZ, USA;2. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210011, Tucson, AZ, USA;1. Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Badji Mokhtar—Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, 23000 Annaba, Algeria;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Process Engineering, University of Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210012, Tucson, AZ, USA;2. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210011, Tucson, AZ, USA;3. Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, EII, Sede Mergelina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain;4. Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada |
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| Abstract: | This study investigated the effects of sulfate ions on the decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) by ultrasonic (US) irradiation at various pHs, sulfate doses, powers and temperatures. The removal of PFOA was augmented with an increased sulfate ion concentration, with PFOA being almost completely decomposed in 90 min at 25 °C with a sulfate dose of 117 mM. The two major mechanisms in the sulfate-assisted sonochemical system are the direct destruction of PFOA by cavitation and the indirect destruction of PFOA by sulfate free radicals. The decomposition of PFOA followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and was not influenced by pH. The reaction rate constants decreased with increases in temperature due to decreases in the surface tension of the solution. |
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| Keywords: | Perfluorooctanoic acid Sulfate ion Ultrasonic Sonochemical Defluorination Surface tension |
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