Shell-in-Shell TiO2 hollow microspheres and optimized application in light-trapping perovskite solar cells |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore;2. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre, SingHealth, Singapore;3. Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;4. School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia;5. Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore;6. School of Bio Sciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632104, India;7. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;8. Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland;9. Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Japan;10. Tembusu College, University Town, National University of Singapore, Singapore;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, PR China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, PR China;3. College of Biological, Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China;4. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation, Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China;1. Institute of Electrical Engineering SAS, Dubravska 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia;2. Slovak University of Technology, Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, 812 19 Bratislava, Slovakia;3. Polymer Institute SAS, Dubravska 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia |
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| Abstract: | 
The shell-in-shell structured TiO2 hollow microspheres with enhanced light scattering ability were synthesized via a facile one step hydrothermal process. The diameter of the microsphere is about 1.5 μm, the core of the unique shell-in-shell structure is composed of TiO2 nanoparticles with a diameter of about 15 nm, while the shell is constructed with ∼50 nm TiO2 nanocubes. The hollow space between the outer shell and the inner shell is about 230 nm. The formation mechanism of the unique shell-in-shell structure is interpreted. The design and the optimized application of shell-in-shell structured TiO2 hollow microspheres in the light-trapping perovskite solar cells are also investigated. Owing to the light scattering properties of the shell-in-shell structure of the hollow microsphere, the optimized photoelectrode exhibits an enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency of 4.29% using perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 as the sensitizer. The shell-in-shell hollow TiO2 microsphere shows a 21.2% increase in conversion efficiency when compared with P25 nanoparticels photoanode. The conversion efficiency enhancement is mainly attributed to the increase of short-current density induced by the light scattering effect. |
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| Keywords: | Shell-in-shell structure Light scattering ability Short-current density enhancement Perovskite solar cells |
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