Surface modification, martensitic transformation, and optical properties of hydrogenated ZrO2 nanocondensates via pulsed laser ablation in water |
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Authors: | Chao-Hsien Wu Chang-Ning Huang Pouyan Shen Shuei-Yuan Chen |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, Republic of China 2. Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract: | Pulsed laser ablation on Zr plate in water under Q-switch mode and a fluence of 700 and 800 mJ/pulse for a rather high power density of 1.5 and 1.7 × 1011 W/cm2, respectively, was employed to fabricate hydrogenated ZrO2 nanocondensates. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic observations indicated such nanocondensates are full of {111} and {100} facets and predominantly in monoclinic (m-) rather than cubic- and/or tetragonal (t-) crystal symmetry in particular when fabricated at 700 mJ/pulse. The hydrogenated ZrO2 nanocondensates underwent martensitic t ?? m transformation at a rather small critical size (ca. 20 nm) due to H+ signature and hence oxygen vacancy deficiency in the lattice. The resultant m-phase was free of twin and fault due to site saturation and rather limited growth of the nanosized particles. Spectroscopic characterizations indicated that the nanocondensates have a significant internal compressive stress, (H+, Zr2+, Zr3+) co-signature and hence a smaller band gap of 5.2?C5.3 eV for potential applications in UV region. |
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