稳定同位素方法研究正构烷烃与四氢萘二元体系的反应

以正构烷烃作为模型化合物的热反应、临氢反应、临氢催化反应中，添加供氢剂抑制正构烷烃所裂化；气相氢和供氢剂的供氢参与饱和烯烃，两者是性质不同的氢源，前者加速裂化，后者抑制裂化。供氢剂供氢行为依赖于反应体系自由基的多少和温度以及反应过程，反应体系较多的自由基和较高的反应温度有利于供氢行为。稳定同位素方法研究模型化合物的裂化反应表明，供氢剂的作用是通过脱氢湮灭自由基来抑制裂化反应，同时发现H12－四氢萘和D12－四氢萘的供氢（氘）率上存在着动力学同位素效应，在临氢及临氢催化体系中尤其是临氢催化体系中，动力学同位素效应变得不再明显。

REACTION OF HYDROGEN DONORS AND PARAFFINIC SERIES AS MODEL COMPOUNDS FOR RESIDUE OIL WITH STEADY ISOTOPE METHOD

The paraffinic series as some model compounds were introduced to investigate the effect of hydrogen atmosphere and hydrogen donors on thermal and catalytic hydrocracking of the model compounds It was found that the hydrogen donors was inhibitor for cracking reaction, while the hydrogen atmosphere and catalyst were promoter for the cracking Tetrahydronaphthlene, the typical hydrogen donor, have donated hydrogen with the amount of radicals in the reacting system Using deuterated tetrahydronaphthalene, the donating mechanism of tetralin was studied: (1) Inhibition of cracking or hydrocracking was ascribed to the dehydrogenation of tetralin for scaverging the radicals ; (2) The dueterated hydrogen donor had a substantial isotopic kinetic effect in the thermal cracking system under nitrogen, and the isotopic kinetic effect has been reduced in the thermal cracking system under hydrogen and in the catalytic hydrocracking system The change resulted from the rehydrogenation of derivated naphthalene from tetrahydronaphthalene by hydrogen with catalyst