基于UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS技术研究酸枣仁发酵过程中的化学成分转化

利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱串联质谱（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS）研究了酸枣仁经茯苓发酵前后的主要化学成分变化，初步探讨了茯苓对酸枣仁发酵的转化规律.鉴定了发酵产物中24种化学成分，整合多元统计方法对酸枣仁发酵0，7和14 d后的差异性化学成分进行研究，采用正交偏最小二乘分析找到7个差异成分.采用t-检验对24种化学成分的相对含量进行分析；并分析了酸枣仁中黄酮苷、皂苷类成分的代谢反应途径.通过茯苓发酵，酸枣仁中化学成分主要发生了脱酰基和脱糖基等水解反应.为酸枣仁发酵产物的化学成分检测提供了快速、直观且准确的方法，为酸枣仁-茯苓共发酵产物的深入开发与利用提供了科学依据.

Chemical Transformation of Raw and Fermented Ziziphi Spinosae Semen Analyzed by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS

To elucidate the fermentation-induced chemical transformation mechanisms of secondary metabolites, the chemical difference between raw and fermented Ziziphi Spinosae Semen(SZR) using Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf was revealed by integrating UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS techniques-based untargeted metabolomics. 24 chemical components were characterized in fermented Ziziphi Spinosae Semen(FSZR). The 7 differential marker compounds between SZR and FSZR were rapidly discovered by untargeted chemomics-based mining approach using OPLS-DA. Meanwhile, the relative contents of 24 chemical components were analyzed by t-Test, which was used to make metabolic pathway analysis, showing that deacetylate and deglycosylation were the major metabolic reaction under fermentation by Poria cocos. The result shows that the proposed strategy meets the technical demands for the overall chemical characterization of fermented herbal medicines, and therefore may be considered a promising approach for delving into the scientific basis in traditional fermentation of herbal medicines.