钒化合物抗糖尿病作用的研究进展*

在糖尿病的治疗研究中，体内和体外的研究表明，钒化合物可以降低I型和II型糖尿病血糖，促进葡萄糖转运和糖原合成，具有“类胰岛素作用”。本文综述了近年来钒化合物在降低和改善糖尿病症状的生物效应及其通过胰岛素信号通路在降糖作用的分子机制的研究进展。

Research Progress in Anti-Diabetic Effects of Vanadium Compounds

It is well known that diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by inherited and/or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. Numerous studies have shown that vanadium and its compounds improve glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus. Vanadium and its compounds appear to have a profound impact on insulin action through the insulin signaling cascade, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. This review summarizes recent work to identify the effects of pharmaceutical treatment of vanadium compounds on insulin signaling and glucose uptake, in an attempt to characterize the molecular mechanism accounting for biological actions and insulin-mimesis of vanadium compounds in DM. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Chemical properties of vanadium and anti-diabetic actions of vanadium compounds
2.1 Chemical properties of vanadium
2.2 Anti-diabetic actions of vanadium compounds
3 Mechanism of anti-diabetic effects of vanadium compounds
3.1 Coordination chemistry of vanadium compounds
3.2 Vanadium compounds and PTP1B
3.3 Vanadium compounds and glucose transport
3.4 Vanadium compounds and metabolism of glycogen and lipid
3.5 Molecular mechanism of insulin-mimetic action of vanadium compounds
4 Issues and perspective