生物运动仿生力学与智能微型飞行器

概述了微型飞行器研究与发展现状,分析了实用化面临的主要技术关键,重点讨论了低雷诺数空气动力学、高升阻比气动布局、智能控制等问题．已有的经验和理论分析表明：主尺度小于15cm以后,用常规方法已经很难设计出具有良好飞行性能的微型飞行器,而必须采用仿生学方法．对微型飞行器仿生学设计中的一些主要问题,包括高升力、高机动性、抗干扰稳定性以及飞行过程的力能学分析等问题分别进行了讨论。

BIOMIMATICS OF FLYING ANIMALS AND INTELLIGENT MICRO AIR VEHICLE

The current status of research and development of Micro Air Vehicles (MAV) is reviewed in the present paper. The main technical difficulties in the practical application of MAV are analyzed with emphasis on low Reynolds number aerodynamics, aerodynamic configuration with high lift to drag ratio and intelligent flight control. Based on previous experience and theory it can be said that it is almost impossible to design MAV with good flying performance using conventional design method when MAV's main scale is less than 15 cm. Biomimatics must be considered for the design. The major issues related to biomimatic design of MAV, such as high lift mechanism, intelligent high maneuverability, resistance to disturbance and energetics, are discussed in the present paper.