Isomorphic substitution of boron in ZSM-5 type zeolites using TBP as template

A series of B-ZSM-5 samples has been synthesized using ethyl silicate (ES) ester-40, orthoboric acid and tetrabutylphosphonium (TBP) cation template and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and chemical analysis. It is observed that boron content in the initial reaction mixture influences the crystallization time and the morphology of the crystals. The migration of boron from framework upon calcination is enhanced as the boron content in the framework is increased. The test reaction of 1-hexene is under the profound influence of temperature on conversion and on the formation of primary products trans-2-hexene (t-2H), cis-2-hexene (c-2H) and 3-hexene. The ratios of the selectivity of c-2H to t-2H and 2-hexene to 3-hexene increased with decreasing temperature and decreasing boron content in the framework. Skeletal isomerization products started forming from 250°C as secondary products and increased with further increase of temperature.