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Effects of Li/Ti ratios on the electrochemical properties of Li4Ti5O12 examined by time-resolved X-ray diffraction |
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| Authors: | Jin-Wook Shin Kyung Yoon Chung Ji Heon Ryu In-Wook Park Dang-Hyok Yoon |
| Affiliation: | 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Korea 2. Battery Research Center, Korea Institute of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 131, Seoul, 136-791, Korea 3. Graduate School of Knowledge-based Technology & Energy, Korea Polytechnic University, Siheung, 429-793, Korea 4. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA |
| Abstract: | Li4Ti5O12 for anodic active material of lithium ion batteries is synthesized using different Li/Ti ratios of 3.5/5.0, 4.0/5.0 and 4.5/5.0 by a solid-state reaction between Li2CO3 and anatase TiO2 at 850?°C. All samples contain a small amount of transformed rutile TiO2 in the final Li4Ti5O12, where the amount of rutile TiO2 decreases with the increase in Li/Ti ratio. A stoichiometric Li4Ti5O12 with Li/Ti = 4.0/5.0 shows a slightly larger particle size and higher charge capacity than those of Li-deficient and Li-excessive particles, while the discharging rate capability is shown to mainly depend on particle size regardless of Li/Ti ratio. According to the time-resolved X-ray diffraction patterns using a synchrotron source, however, no significant difference is found in spite of the difference in Li/Ti ratio, indicating the structural stability of Li4Ti5O12 during the Li insertion and extraction process. |
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