Direct fluorination—Useful tool to enhance commercial properties of polymer articles |
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Authors: | AP Kharitonov R Taege VV Teplyakov G-H Koops |
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Institution: | a Institute of Energy Problems of Chemical Physics (Branch) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Photo- and Radioenergy, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russia b Air Products GmbH, Fluorine Technology, 45523 Hattingen, Huettenstrasse 50, Germany c Air Products PLC, COE Packaged Gases, Weston Road, Crewe, Cheshire CW16BT, UK d Topchiev's Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prospect, 29, 117912 Moscow, Russia e University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Fundamental features and industrial applications of the direct fluorination of polymers are reviewed. Fundamental features of the direct fluorination of a set of polymers, such as polystyrene, polyethyleneterephthalate, poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide), PMMA, LDPE (two types), HDPE (six types), polyvinyltrimethylsilane, poly(4-methyl-pentene-1), polyimide Matrimid 5216®, polysulfones, polyetheretherketone, polycarbonatesiloxane, polysulphone-polybuthadiene block-copolymers, polypropylene, PVF, PVDF, etc. are described. Influence of composition of the fluorinating mixture (F2-He-N2-O2-HF), fluorine partial pressure, temperature and fluorination duration, on the rate of formation of the fluorinated layer and the chemical composition, density, refraction index, surface energy, gas separation properties and friction coefficient of fluorinated layer have been investigated. Processes of formation and termination of long-living and short-living radicals and grafting of acrylonitrile to fluorinated polymers have been studied. Industrial applications of the direct fluorination to enhance the commercial properties of polymeric goods, such as separation factor of polymeric membranes for gas separation, barrier properties of polymer vessels, pipes and packagings, adhesion, printability, wetting and transparency in visible and IR are reviewed. |
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Keywords: | Direct fluorination of polymers Surface modification of polymers Fluorine Membrane separation Adhesion |
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