舷侧水对船舶抗碰撞性能的影响

为了评估舷侧液舱在大型撞击物下的抗碰撞特性,采用有限元法和简化理论法对典型球鼻艏在不同撞击速度和液舱水线工况下的舷侧外板和内板的抗破坏性能进行了分析。结果表明:舷侧水效应可以显著提升双舷侧结构的抗破坏性能,但是提升的幅度是有限的,而且水效应对外板的破坏作用力影响较小,对舷侧内板的破坏作用力影响较大;当球鼻艏撞击速度逐渐增高时,舷侧外板和内板的破坏作用力也逐渐增大,但增大速率逐渐降低,其中舷侧外板较舷侧内板的增大速率更快趋于平缓。对不同液舱水线的分析表明:舷侧液舱水线在受撞击的强框架以上时,对抗碰撞性能影响较小;当舷侧液舱水线在受撞击的强框架以下时,对舷侧外板的抗碰撞特性影响较小,但对舷侧内板的抗碰撞特性影响很大,并且随着球鼻艏碰撞速度的增高,不同水线位置对船舶抗碰撞性能的影响也随之增大。

Influnence of side water on anti-collision performance of a ship

In order to evaluate the anti-collision characteristics of a side tank impacted by a large object, the anti-collision performances of the outer side shell and the inner side shell under different impact velocity and tank waterlines were analyzed on the basis of the finite element method and the simplified theory method. The results show that the water can significantly enforce the anti-collision performance of the double-side structure, but the increasement is limited, and the water affects weakly the failure of the outer shell, but which has a great influence on the broken reaction force of the inner side shell. When the velocity of the bulbous bow gradually increases, the broken reaction forces of the outer side shell and the inner shell gradually increase, but the increasing rates tend to be gentle gradually, and the increasing rate for the broken reaction force of the outer side shell tends to be gentle faster than that for the inner side shell. And the analysis on different tank waterlines shows that, when the waterline of the side tank is above the impacted stong frame, the anti-collision characteristics are less affected. When the waterline of the side tank is below the impacted strong frame, the anti-collision characteristics of the side outer shell are less affected, but the waterline has a great influence on the anti-collision characteristics of the inner side shell, and the differences increase corresponding to different waterlines with increasing the collision velocity of the bulbous bow.