昆虫翼拍动中受载变形的粘弹性本构模型

昆虫翼拍动受载时发生被动变形，被看作为有助于改善飞行性能的机制之一．决定这种被动变形大小的一个关键因素是昆虫翼的材料本构关系，至今缺乏研究．基于蜻蜓翼(离体)的应力松弛实验和模型翼拍动时受载变形的有限元数值分析，揭示了粘弹性本构关系是昆虫翼材料性能的合理描述，并研究了粘弹性参数对被动变形的影响．

Viscoelastic Constitutive Model Related to Deformation of Insect Wing Under Loading in Flapping Motion

Flexible insect wings deform passively under periodic loading during flapping flight.The wing flexibility is considered as one of the specific mechanisms on improving insect flight performance.The constitutive relation of the insect wing material plays a key role on the wing deformation,but has not been clearly understood yet.A viscoelastic constitutive relation model was established based on the experimental results: the stress relaxation experiment of a dragonfly wing(in vitro).This model was examined by the finite element analysis of the dynamic deformation response for a model insect wing under the action of the periodical inertial force in flapping.It is revealed that the viscoelastic constitutive relation is rational to characterize the biomaterial property of insect wings in contrast to the elastic one.The amplitude and form of the passive viscoelastic deformation of the wing is evidently dependent on the viscous parameters in the constitutive relation.