基于局域表面等离子体共振效应的光学生物传感器*

贵金属纳米粒子表现出许多常规块体材料所不具备的优异性能，其中局域表面等离子体共振 (LSPR) 特性是研究热点之一。LSPR 的形状和位置与纳米粒子的组成、大小、形状、介电性质以及局域介质环境密切相关。基于这一特性，贵金属纳米粒子已广泛应用于光学生物传感器、光过滤器和表面增强光谱等领域。本文对各种结构的贵金属纳米粒子的制备方法及其在光学生物传感器中的应用进行了综述，并对 LSPR 纳米传感器的未来发展前景做了展望。

Optical Biosensors Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Effect

Noble metal nanoparticles exhibit excellent properties compared to the conventional bulk elements, and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has become one of the research hot points. The shape and position of LSPR are mainly dependent on the composition, size, shape, dielectric properties, as well as the local dielectric environment of the metal nanoparticles. Based on this property, noble metal nanoparticles have been widely applied in optical biosensors, optical filters, and surface enhanced spectroscopies. In this paper, the preparation of various noble metal nanostructures and their applications in optical biosensors are reviewed. The future development prospects of LSPR nanosensors are also present. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Localized surface plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles
3 The basic principles of LSPR nanosensors
4 The common LSPR sensors substrates
4.1 Metal colloides
4.2 Metal nanorods
4.3 Core/shell composite nanoparticles
4.4 Cap-shaped composite nanoparticles
4.5 Ordered metal nanostructure arrays
5 Prospects