第一讲台面型电子加速器——激光尾波场加速器

近年来，随着超短超强激光脉冲技术的发展，利用超短超强激光在等离子体中激发出的高强度尾波场来实现电子加速的方案也取得了巨大进展．相对于传统的射频腔加速器，这种新型的加速器由于以等离子体为介质，可以突破传统加速器中加速梯度小于100MV／m的限制，其加速梯度可以达到100GV／m．电子在这样的加速场下，在厘米量级的距离内就可以获得GeV的能量．随着台面型超短超强激光器的发展，新一代实用化的台面型电子加速器有望在不远的将来得以实现．文章将从理论和实验上对激光尾波场加速中的尾波激发、电子注入、距离延长三个方面加以介绍，同时给出国内在这些方面的一些研究进展．

A tabletop accelerator——the laser wakefield accelerator

With the development of chirped pulse technology in recent years significant progress has also been achieved in laser wakefield accelerators. Compared with traditional rf - cavity schemes its acceleration gradient r is three orders of magnitude larger, as high as lOOGeV/m. Under such conditions electrons can be accelerated to ovet 1 GeV within lcm. We present an overview of this new scheme, concentrating on the wakefield generation, electron injection and increase of the acceleration distance.