组合截面工程结构离散变量优化设计的通用模型及启发式算法

建立了组合截面离散变量优化设计的通用模型;提出了一种启发式求解算法。通过对截面设计变量的合并,把截面整体作为一个设计变量;将约束条件按其作用范围分为三类:局部约束、全局约束、中间约束,即介于局部和全局约束之间的约束;根据离散结构实体杆件在结构中受力和传力的特点,将杆件分为5类。针对三类约束的不同特点,分别给出了启发式求解算法。最后通过一个三维的空间结构实例给出验证,优化效率高,效果明显。六个工程实例的优化结果比经验设计可节省材料5.0～19.0%。实践表明本文提出的模型通用性强,启发式求解方法效率高且实用,适合大规模离散变量工程结构最轻设计问题。

General Optimum Model and Heuristic Algorithm for Engineering Structures with Discrete Variables and Built-up Sections

A general model and its heuristic algorithms are presented for engineering structures with discrete variables and built-up sections, where all design variables in a section are combined into one design variable, and restrictive conditions according to the effect ranges are classified into three types, local, global and medium. The solid members of a discrete structure are divided into 5 groups based on the supported forces and functions. the heuristic algorithm is presented for three different types of restrictions respectively. The model with algorithm is verified by engineering example, and the optimal results of the other six practical examples enable to reduce materials by 6.0~19.0% compared with the experiential design.[HJ]