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Towards the development of a fossil bone geochemical standard: an inter-laboratory study |
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| Authors: | Chavagnac V Milton J A Green D R H Breuer J Bruguier O Jacob D E Jong T Kamenov G D Le Huray J Liu Y Palmer M R Pourtalès S Roduhskin I Soldati A Trueman C N Yuan H |
| Institution: | a National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK b University of Hohenheim, Landesanstalt für Landswirtschaftliche Chemie (710), 70593 Stuttgart, Germany c Géosciences Montpellier, CNRS-Université de Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34090 Montpellier Cedex 5, France d University of Mainz, Department of Geosciences, Becherweg 21, 55099 Mainz, Germany e Environmental Analytical Geochemistry, Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia f University of Florida, Department of Geological Sciences, 241 Williamson Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA g CANTEST LTD., 309-267 West Esplanade, North Vancouver, BC V7M 1A5, Canada h State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China i ALS Analytica AB, Aurorum 10, 977 75 Luleå, Sweden j Department of Geology, State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China |
| Abstract: | Ten international laboratories participated in an inter-laboratory comparison of a fossil bone composite with the objective of producing a matrix and structure-matched reference material for studies of the bio-mineralization of ancient fossil bone. We report the major and trace element compositions of the fossil bone composite, using in-situ method as well as various wet chemical digestion techniques.For major element concentrations, the intra-laboratory analytical precision (%RSDr) ranges from 7 to 18%, with higher percentages for Ti and K. The %RSDr are smaller than the inter-laboratory analytical precision (%RSDR; <15-30%). Trace element concentrations vary by ∼5 orders of magnitude (0.1 mg kg−1 for Th to 10,000 mg kg−1 for Ba). The intra-laboratory analytical precision %RSDr varies between 8 and 45%. The reproducibility values (%RSDR) range from 13 to <50%, although extreme value >100% was found for the high field strength elements (Hf, Th, Zr, Nb). The rare earth element (REE) concentrations, which vary over 3 orders of magnitude, have %RSDr and %RSDR values at 8-15% and 20-32%, respectively. However, the REE patterns (which are very important for paleo-environmental, taphonomic and paleo-oceanographic analyses) are much more consistent.These data suggest that the complex and unpredictable nature of the mineralogical and chemical composition of fossil bone makes it difficult to set-up and calibrate analytical instruments using conventional standards, and may result in non-spectral matrix effects. We propose an analytical protocol that can be employed in future inter-laboratory studies to produce a certified fossil bone geochemical standard. |
| Keywords: | Chemical composition Biogenic phosphate Reference material Fossil bone/tooth |
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