以聚乙二醇-b-聚四乙烯基吡啶为模板制备聚联苯胺微/纳米颗粒及其电容特性

以两亲性嵌段共聚物聚乙二醇-b-聚四乙烯基吡啶(PEO-b-P4VP)为模板制备聚联苯胺微/纳米颗粒,调节模板剂胶束溶液pH,得到了一系列形貌和尺寸可控的聚联苯胺微/纳米颗粒。利用红外光谱、核磁共振、透射电镜、循环伏安、恒电流放电、交流阻抗等测试对材料的结构和性能进行了表征。模板法合成的聚联苯胺为平均直径小于200nm的亚微米至纳米级棒状颗粒,其直径随着模板剂胶束溶液pH的降低而增加。所得聚联苯胺颗粒均显示了一定的电化学活性,当电流密度为1A/g时,聚联苯胺的比电容量达到306.3F/g,经过长时间的充放电测试,不同条件下合成的聚联苯胺的容量衰减率均很小,表现出良好的循环稳定性且各样品电化学性能呈现出随着直径的减小而增强的趋势。

Preparation of Polybenzidine Micro/Nano Particles Using PEO-b-P4VP as Template and Their Capacitive Properties

Polybenzidine micro/nano particles were prepared using micelles of diblock copolymer PEO-b-P4VP as templates .A series of polybenzidine micro/nano particles with tunable morphology and size were obtained by a simple way of just regulating pH value of the micellar solution of templates . FT-IR spectroscopy ,1H-NMR ,transmission electron microscopy ,cyclic voltammetry ,constant current charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance were used to characterize the structures , morphologies and electrochemical properties of samples . The polybenzidine particles both induced by block copolymer template and obtained after removing the template were all rod like particles with average diameters below 200 nm ,and they all had a uniform morphology and size distributions .Decreasing pH value of the micellar solution of templates led to the increase of polybenzidine particle size .Except the minor change in diameter size , the morphologies of polybenzidine had no change after removing the template . Results of electrochemical test showed that polybenzidine particles had good electrochemical activities .The specific capacitance of polybenzidine particles reached 306 .3 F/g at the current density of 1 A/g .The capacity decline rates of samples were very small after 500 charge-discharge cycles ,indicating the good cycling stability .The electrochemical properties of samples showed the tendency of increasing with the decrease of their diameters .