Volume Nonadditivity of Liquid Mixtures: Modifications to Classical Demonstrations |
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Authors: | Vladimir M Petruševski Metodija Z Najdoski |
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Institution: | (1) Institut za hemija, PMF, Univerzitet Sv. Kiril i Metodij, Arhimedova 5, PO Box 162, 1001 Skopje, Macedonia |
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Abstract: | Departures from Raoults law are often found in liquid mixtures resulting in volume nonadditivity. Modifications are proposed for experiments demonstrating volume contraction of water/ethanol and volume expansion of ethyl acetate/carbon disulfide liquid mixtures. A layer of paraffin oil or water is used to prevent mixing of the liquids at an earlier stage then desired. A demonstration of volume expansion in a CS2/ethyl acetate system is proposed as well. The modifications significantly improve the ease of the demonstrations, which can be made even more impressive by coloring the liquids. A reaction vessel of simple construction is offered for a more vivid demonstration of the phenomenon. |
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