Critical review of bio/nano sensors for arsenic detection |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China;2. Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada;2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, C/Paseo de Belén, no. 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;1. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Center for Advanced Marine Materials and Smart Sensors, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;2. College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;3. Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Fibers and Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;1. Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160014, India;2. Department of Applied Science, University of Engineering and Technology (U.I.E.T.), Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160025, India;3. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse, 8 Jena D, 07743, Germany;4. Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7 Jena D, 07743, Germany;1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China;2. College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;3. College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China |
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| Abstract: | Detection of arsenic is a long-standing challenge in environmental analytical chemistry. In recent years, using biomolecules and nanomaterials for sensing arsenic has been growingly reported. In this article, this field is critically reviewed based on some recent fundamental understandings including interactions between arsenic and gold, thiol, and DNA aptamers. First, taking advantage of the adsorption of As(III) on noble metal surfaces such as silver and gold, sensors were developed based on surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, electrochemistry and colorimetry. In addition, by functionalizing metal nanoparticles with thiol containing molecules, As(III) induced aggregation of the particles based on As(III)/thiol interactions. As(V) interacts with metal oxides strongly and competitive sensors were developed by displacing pre-adsorbed DNA oligonucleotides. A DNA aptamer was selected for As(III) and many sensors were reported based on this aptamer, although careful binding measurements indicated that the sequence has no affinity towards As(III). Overall, bio/nano systems are promising for the detection of arsenic. Future work on fundamental studies, searching for more specific arsenic binding materials and aptamers, incorporation of sensors into portable devices, and more systematic test of sensors in real samples could be interesting and useful research topics. |
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| Keywords: | Biosensors Gold nanoparticles Aptamers Arsenite Arsenate |
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