Development and application of an analytical protocol for evaluation of treatment processes for landfill leachates. I. Development of an analytical protocol for handling organic compounds in complex leachate samples |
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Authors: | Staffan Bergström Britt-Marie Svensson Lennart Mårtensson Lennart Mathiasson |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Analytical Chemistry , Lund University , PO Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden;2. Department of Mathematics and Science , Kristianstad University , S-291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden;3. Department of Mathematics and Science , Kristianstad University , S-291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden;4. Department of Analytical Chemistry , Lund University , PO Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden |
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Abstract: | A strategy is presented for evaluation of treatment procedures for landfill leachate with emphasis on organic pollutants. An analytical scheme, the LAQUA protocol, was developed as a guide for the analytical work. The protocol includes organic as well as metals, inorganic ions, water-quality parameters, and toxicity. The proposed strategy considers the behaviour of both polar and non-polar organic substances at trace levels. For polar substances, phenols were chosen as markers and determined with an automated supported liquid membrane extraction device, coupled on-line to HPLC with a diode-array detector. For non-polar substances, PCBs and 10 unidentified compounds were chosen as markers and analysed by solid-phase extraction combined with supercritical fluid extraction with GC analysis. The chosen measurement strategy, based on the use of marker substances, difference measurements, and versatile data-handling procedures, provided essential information about complex systems at relatively low cost. |
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Keywords: | Treatment evaluation strategy Landfill leachate Organic pollutants Polar markers Non-polar markers |
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