微量吸附热量计的检测和硅胶浸湿热的测量

微量量热法研究液固吸附正逐渐引起人们的兴趣。本实验室拟开展强化采油中表面活性剂在固体表面吸附机理的研究,装配了一台微量吸附热量计,并用标准化学反应检测其可靠性。研究表面活性剂的吸附规律,需要选用合适的吸附剂。硅胶的组份简单确定,不含干扰离子,表面积足够大,而且它就是油井矿物、粘土等的主要成份,被选为吸附剂样品。但硅胶的表面状态易受制备过程、热处理等因素影响,迄今尚无统一标准的硅胶表面,使用时应表征其表面状态。本文用热失重分析确定硅胶的活化温度、用微量吸附热量计测量了硅胶的浸湿热,并与文献数据进行比较。

TESTING OF A SORPTION MICROCALORIMETER AND MEASUREMENT OF IMMERSION HEATS OF SILICA GEL

A LKB 2107-030 sorption microcalorimeter has been installed and equipped with a microcomputer. The apparatus was tested with a standard reaction of TRIS and HCl. It was shown that this microcalorimeter is suitable for our proiect. A silica gel was chosen as a model surface for studying adsorption of surfactants used in enhanced oil recovery. A TG analysis of it was done and was used to select its activation temperature. The immersion heats of the silica into water, toluene and heptane were measured using this microcalorimeter. Before every experiment, silica sample placed in batch cell was activated at 170 ℃ and 10~(-2) mmHg. The results are generally in agreement with those recently obtained by Leo A. Noll and Thomas E. Burchfield.