Mesomorphism dependence on heterocyclic tail

A novel homologous series of liquid crystal materials containing a heterocyclic ring was synthesized with a view to understanding and establishing the relation between liquid crystal (LC) properties and a molecular structure; and with a view to curing skin-related diseases following biological activity studies. The series consist of 13 (C₁ to C₁₈) members. All the members are liquid crystals. The C₄ to C₁₈ members are smectogenic of which C₄ and C₅ are monotropic and remaining members (C₆ to C₁₈) are enantiotropic in nature; whereas all C₁ to C₁₈ members are enantiotropically nematogenic. Hence the C₁, C₂, C₃ members are only nematogenic and the rest of the homologues are smectogenic in addition to nematogenic. Transition temperatures were determined by an polarizing optical microscope equipped with heating stage. Analytical and spectral data confirmed the molecular structures of homologues. It is a middle ordered melting type series. LC properties of a series are compared with the structurally known series.