便携式X射线荧光光谱仪快速监测重金属土壤环境质量

便携式X射线荧光光谱仪(PXRF)作为一种新型快速测试手段具有突出的应用前景，但也存在检测范围和检测限的局限，为此本文研究PXRF仪器在快速监测土壤环境质量中Cr，Ni，Cu，Zn，Pb，Cd，As和Hg等8种重金属元素的适用性，筛选仪器可检测元素，评价检测结果准确度。具体方法是使用仪器测试重金属污染土壤样品，测试结果与电感耦合等离子体质谱分析方法(ICP-MS)测试值进行对比，评判检测结果精密度，建立PXRF仪器测试值与ICP-MS仪器测试值的线性回归关系。结果表明：(1)在监测重金属土壤环境质量时，PXRF仪器可用于检测土壤中Pb，Zn，Cr和Cu含量，但不适于检测Ni，Cd，As和Hg含量。(2)Pb和Zn测试值稍低于ICP-MS测试值，Cu偏高，而Cr过高;PXRF仪器测试值需要参照标准分析方法进行线性校正。研究结论为：便携式X射线荧光光谱仪适用于Pb，Zn，Cr和Cu等4种重金属的土壤环境质量监测，是一种简单快速、准确可靠的低成本土壤重金属分析手段。该研究的创新之处是合理规避PXRF仪器的缺点，将仪器应用于土壤环境质量监测，提高了测试结果应用价值。

Fast Monitoring Soil Environmental Qualities of Heavy Metal by Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer

Portable X-ray fluorescence(PXRF) spectrometer as a new type of equipment for quick test has a prominent prospect, but there are also shortcomings of detection range and limition, therefore this paper studied the suitability of PXRF spectrometer in monitoring soil environmental qualities of heavy metals included Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As and Hg, the aim of this paper is to screen elements which can be detected by this kind of instrument and evaluate the accuracy of test results. The research method is to test heavy metals contaminated soil samples by PXRF spectrometer, evaluate the accuracy of test results of PXRF compared with inductively coupled plasma mass(ICP-MS), then establish linear regression relationship between analysis results of PXRF and ICP-MS method. The results show that, (1) When measuring the soil environmental quality, PXRF spectrometer is appropriate to measure the content of Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu, except Ni, Cd, As and Hg. (2) Compared with the test value of ICP-MS, the test value of Pb and Zn is lower, the test value of Cu is higher, the test value of Cr is too high, all the results of PXRF spectrometer should be linear corrected according to standard analysis method. In conclusion, PXRF spectrometer is suitable for monitoring environmental quality of soil which is polluted by heavy metal such as Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu, it is an analysis means with characteristics of simple and rapid, accurate and reliable. The innovation of this article is that reasonable avoiding the shortcomings of PXRF spectrometer as using the instrument to monitor soil environmental quality, at last improved the application value of test results.