旋转液体在边界阻力作用下的衰减特性分析

为了分析圆柱形容器内同步旋转液面在边界阻力作用下的衰减机理，采用层流摩阻与湍流摩阻的理论模型和实验测试的方法对同步旋转液面在边壁阻力作用下的衰减规律进行了研究. 通过分析壁面阻力的特性，采用当量湿周对圆柱形容器中旋转液体运动的能量损失进行模拟，建立了壁面糙率、旋转半径，静水深度和液体旋转速度之间的本构方程. 通过对圆柱容器中的同步旋转液面在边界阻力作用下的层流和湍流形态的衰减过程进行实验测试，验证了理论模型的正确性. 基于验证后的理论方法，获得了圆柱容器中旋转液体的角速度、高度等随时间的变化过程，分析了摩阻形态、糙率和直径对旋转液面衰减过程的影响. 结果表明，边壁糙率和容器半径是决定旋转液面的衰减过程主要因素，边壁糙率越大液体旋转速度衰减越快，圆柱形容器半径越大液体旋转的衰减越慢. 

INVESTIGATION ON THE ATTENUATION OF A ROTATING LIQUID MOTION IN A CYLINDER WITH BOUNDARY RESISTANCE

In order to study the attenuation process of a rotating liquid motion with boundary resistance, the laminar and turbulent flow friction models are used to calculate the head less, as well as a relative experiment is conducted to verify the mathematical approach. Based on equivalent wetted perimeter, a theoretical formula is established to calculate the energy loss due to wall resistance, in which the wall roughness, rotation radius, static water depth and rotation velocity are considered. Then, the attenuation of liquid rotating is measured in a circular cylinder, and the result agree with the theoretical model well. Based on the verified theoretical formula, the influences of various diameters and roughness coefficients on the attenuation are analyzed. The results show that the wall resistance and the cylinder size are the major factors to determine the attenuation process of the rotating liquid movement. The attenuation processes become more conspicuous with more roughness and less diameter.