全二维气相色谱在石油地质样品分析中的应用进展

对石油地质样品的化学组成进行全面准确的剖析，可以获得丰富的地球化学信息，为油气勘探工作提供科学依据。然而，该类样品除了组成复杂之外，还易受到各种物理（如蒸发、乳化、扩散、溶解和吸附）、化学（如光降解）和生物（如微生物降解）过程的影响。这些特点给样品的分析研究工作带来了极大的困难，传统的一维气相色谱/质谱技术很难对其进行理想的分离。全二维气相色谱（GC×GC）作为新发展起来的一种分离技术，在复杂样品分析方面具有独特的优势，虽然在石油地质样品分析中的应用相对较晚，但也日益受到关注。本文主要综述了近5年来GC×GC在石油地质方面国内外的研究进展以及存在的主要问题，并对今后的研究进行了展望。

Recent advances in analysis of petroleum geological samples by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Abundant geochemical information can be acquired by analyzing the chemical compositions of petroleum geological samples. The information obtained from the analysis provides scientifical evidences for petroleum exploration. However, these samples are complicated and can be easily influenced by physical (e. g. evaporation, emulsification, natural dispersion, dissolution and sorption), chemical (photodegradation) and biological (mainly microbial degradation) weathering processes. Therefore, it is very difficult to analyze the petroleum geological samples and they cannot be effectively separated by traditional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A newly developed separation technique, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC), has unique advantages in complex sample analysis, and recently it has been applied to petroleum geological samples. This article mainly reviews the research progresses in the last five years, the main problems and the future research about GC×GC applied in the area of petroleum geology.