电流变阻尼器的动态特性实验研究

设计制造了一种多层滑动极板式电流变阻尼器，使用自制的电流变液，采用正弦激励，进行了这种电流变阻尼器的阻尼特性试验。研究了电流变阻尼器的载荷－位移迟滞特性和载荷－速率迟滞特性，同时研究分析了这种电流变阻尼器的周期能耗特性及等效粘性阻尼特性。结果表明，阻尼器的周期能耗量随外加电场强度的增加而增加，外加电场强度越大，阻尼器的等效阻尼系数越大。阻尼器的阻尼特性体现为库仑阻尼和粘性阻尼的组合，其中随外加电场强度可控的主要是库仑阻尼力，而且库仑阻尼力不仅与外加强度有关，也与阻尼器的运动速度有关。该阻尼器系统是一个强非线性系统，极板间电流变液在低剪切应变率时表现为Bingham塑性流体，在高剪切应变率时流变性态比较复杂，导致载荷－速率迟滞环出现多区域闭合现象。

Experimental Investigations on Damping Properties of Electrorheological Fluid Damper

A type of sliding multi-electrode electrorheological fl uid damper has been designed and manufactured. Dynamic experiments were perform ed to measure its damping characteristics by sine excitation. The force-displa cement and force-velocity hysteretic characteristics of the damper were studied and its cyclic energy dissipation and equivalent viscous damping properties wer e also analyzed. The results show that the cyclic energy dissipation of the damp er and equivalent damping coefficient increase with increasing electric field st rength. The damping characteristics represent a combination of viscous damping a nd Coulomb damping, and the latter is dominant in the controllable damping force of the damper. The phenomenon, appearing multi-enclosed domains in the F vs V hysteretic cycles when the movement of the damper is fast, manifests that rheolo gical behaviors of ER fluid is related to the shear strain rate of fluid between electrodes. On other words, the damper is a nonlinear system, its dynamic chara cteristics will be influenced by the applied electric field and velocity of the damper.