增强体复合SiO2气凝胶的研究进展

SiO_2气凝胶是一种具有纳米结构的多孔材料,在声学、光学、热学、电学等领域有着广阔的应用前景,但是脆弱的力学性能严重限制了其实际应用。目前,在SiO_2气凝胶中引入增强体是改善其力学性能最为有效的方法,常用的增强体根据类别可分为纤维、聚合物、纳米材料等。本文综述了增强体复合SiO_2气凝胶的最新研究进展,对复合气凝胶的制备方法、增强机理进行分析并对未来提高气凝胶力学性能的方法发展重点进行了展望。

Research Progress in Reinforcement Composite Silica Aerogel

SiO2 aerogel is a type of porous material with nanostructure. It has broad application prospects in the fields of acoustics, optics, thermals, and electricals. However, poor mechanical properties limit its practical applications. At present, incorporating reinforcement materials into SiO2 aerogel, by material compound method, is the most effective way to improve its mechanical properties, and the reinforcement used include fiber, polymer, nanomaterial, etc. The latest research progress of the reinforcements composite SiO2 aerogel is reviewed, the preparation method and the reinforcement mechanism are analyzed, and the future research focus on improving the mechanical properties of aerogel has prospected.