Kinetics and mechanism of quaternization of tertiary phosphines with unsaturated carboxylic acids. Kinetic studies of the reactions in aprotic solvents |
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Authors: | A V Salin A A Sobanov Yu V Bakhtiyarova A A Khabibullin V I Galkin |
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Institution: | 1.Kazan State University,Kazan, Tatarstan,Russia |
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Abstract: | Data obtained while studying the kinetics of quaternization of tertiary phosphines with the unsaturated carboxylic acids in
the series of aprotic solvents indicate the participation of a second molecule of acid playing the part of the external proton
donor in this process. Quantitative analysis of the effect of solvent within the frames of the Koppel-Palm equation showed
that the main contribution in the reaction rate belongs to the nucleophilicity of medium while the effects of polarity and
electrophilicity are smaller. The results obtained suggest the step-by-step mechanism of interaction including the formation
of the zwitterionic intermediate on the reaction pathway common for the solvents with different proton activity. |
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