Recent Advances in the Applications of Water-soluble Resorcinarene-based Deep Cavitands |
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Authors: | Dr Yu-Jie Zhu Ming-Kai Zhao Prof?Dr Julius Rebek Jr Prof?Dr Yang Yu |
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Institution: | Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444 China |
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Abstract: | We review here the use of container molecules known as cavitands for performing organic reactions in water. Central to these endeavors are binding forces found in water, and among the strongest of these is the hydrophobic effect. We describe how the hydrophobic effect can be used to drive organic molecule guests into the confined space of cavitand hosts. Other forces participating in guest binding include cation?π interactions, chalcogen bonding and even hydrogen bonding to water involved in the host structure. The reactions of guests take advantage of their contortions in the limited space of the cavitands which enhance macrocyclic and site-selective processes. The cavitands are applied to the removal of organic pollutants from water and to the separation of isomeric guests. Progress is described on maneuvering the containers from stoichiometric participation to roles as catalysts. |
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Keywords: | confinement deep cavitand molecular container molecular recognition synthetic host |
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