| Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,People’s Republic of China;2.Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,People’s Republic of China;3.Department of Food Science and Technology,Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology,Tokyo,Japan;4.Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB),Shanghai,People’s Republic of China |
| Abstract: | l-asparaginase (LA) catalyzes the degradation of asparagine, an essential amino acid for leukemic cells, into ammonia and aspartate. Owing to its ability to inhibit protein biosynthesis in lymphoblasts, LA is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Different isozymes of this enzyme have been isolated from a wide range of organisms, including plants and terrestrial and marine microorganisms. Pieces of information about the three-dimensional structure of l-asparaginase from Escherichia coli and Erwinia sp. have identified residues that are essential for catalytic activity. This review catalogues the major sources of l-asparaginase, the methods of its production through the solid state (SSF) and submerged (SmF) fermentation, purification, and characterization as well as its biological roles. In the same breath, this article explores both the past and present applications of this important enzyme and discusses its future prospects. |
