Smoke Control of Fires in Subway Stations |
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Authors: | Falin Chen Shin-Chang Guo He-Yuan Chuay Shen-Wen Chien |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, R.O.C., TW;(2) SinoTech Engineering Consulting Co., 171 Nanking E. Road, 5 Sec., Taipei, Taiwan 105, R.O.C., TW;(3) Department of Fire Science and Administration, National Central Police University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 333, R.O.C., TW |
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Abstract: | We investigate the effectiveness of the smoke control scheme of the Gong-Guan subway station (GGSS), a typical subway station
of the Taipei Rapid Transit System and whose mechanical control systems are also standard in modern subway station design.
Three-dimensional smoke flow fields under various kinds of fires are computed by computational fluid dynamics techniques
and the results are illustrated on various cross-sectional planes. Results indicate that the stack effect plays a deterministic
role in smoke control when a fire occurs near the stairwell; under such circumstances, no mechanical smoke control is necessary.
When a fire occurs in other places, such as at the end or the center of the platform, the current mechanical control schemes
of GGSS are effective; namely, the smoke can be well controlled, either it is confined to a small region or is evacuated from
the station, leaving the four exits free of smoke so that the passengers can escape through them. The effect of the platform
edge door (PED) on smoke control is also investigated. With the PED, the effectiveness of the present smoke control system
for fires occurring on the chassis of a train, a serious fire in the subway station, increases. We also propose an innovative
smoke control scheme with a PED, which turns out to be much more efficient in evacuating smoke than that currently used.
This study provides both valuable information for the design of passenger evacuation routes in fires as well as criteria
for the design of a smoke control system for subway stations.
Received 12 August 2002 and accepted 22 October 2002 Published online 14 February 2003
RID="*"
ID="*" The financial supports for this research from both the SinoTech Engineering Consultant Inc. and the National Science
Council under Grant NSC 89-2212-E-002-61 are gratefully appreciated.
Communicated by H.J.S. Fernando |
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