Immobilizing redox enzymes at mesoporous and nanostructured electrodes |
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Authors: | José Luis Olloqui-Sariego Juan José Calvente Rafael Andreu |
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Institution: | Departamento de Química Física Universidad de Sevilla Profesor García González 1 41012, Sevilla, Spain |
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Abstract: | Three key challenges are stimulating intensive research in the development of productive direct electron transfer mode enzyme electrodes: proper enzyme orientation, high enzyme loading, and full retention of enzyme activity. In this review, we summarize some significant advances that have been reported in the last years on the design of mesoporous and nanostructured electrodes as enzyme scaffolds and of innovative methodologies for wiring enzymes to electrodes. Particular attention is given to investigations on physical factors that determine a favorable enzyme immobilization, to provide rational guidelines for the design of productive enzymatic electrodes. Finally, some emerging trends focused on the spatial organization of either single enzymes or enzyme cascades are also briefly addressed. |
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Keywords: | DET-type bioelectrodes Bioelectrocatalysis Nanostructured electrodes Surface chemistry Wiring enzymes Enzyme encapsulation Enzyme cascade |
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