疫情期间居住环境对城市居民焦虑情绪的影响

新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）已演变为全球大流行疾病，疫情发生带来的不确定性不仅对公众的生命健康产生了威胁，而且令公众的负面心理状态——焦虑情绪不断加剧。居住环境是影响居民情绪的重要因素，根据“人—环境一致性理论”，人与环境是相互作用的，个人的认知受环境的影响。因此，以线上问卷调查的数据为基础，采用焦虑自评量表测度城市居民的焦虑情绪，通过二元Logistic回归方法，分析居住环境和人口学特征对焦虑情绪的影响。结果表明，在居住环境要素中，室内居住环境中的采光、通风和噪声状况，室外居住环境中的住区绿化状况、疫情宣传和管理状况以及安全设施状况对城市居民焦虑情绪有显著影响；在个人特征要素中，年龄、收入和独居状态对城市居民焦虑情绪产生显著影响。

Research on the pure premium rate making of quality insurance for large-cale public buildings:Empirical comparative analysis based on GLM and GAM

In order to improve the accuracy of pure premium rate making of quality insurance for large-scale public building on the basis of literature analysis, this paper studies the influencing factors of quality loss of large-scale public building projects, and extracts 11 insurance premium rate factors. Based on the frequency-severity method and the distribution assumptions of Poisson distribution, Negative Binomial distribution, Gamma distribution and Inverse Gauss distribution, 8 quality insurance pure premium rate-making models are established by using generalized linear model and generalized additive model on the basis of 46 large-scale public buildings data sets completed in 1993—2016 in China, then the best model is selected and its rationality is verified. The results show that the model is suitable for the pure premium rate making of quality insurance for large-scale public building projects.