On the origin of gauge symmetries and fundamental constants

A statistical mechanism is proposed for symmetrization of an extra space. The conditions and rate of attainment of a symmetric configuration and, as a consequence, the appearance of gauge invariance in low-energy physics is discussed. It is shown that, under some conditions, this situation occurs only after completion of the inflationary stage. The dependences of the constants ℏ and G on the geometry of the extra space and the initial parameters of the Lagrangian of the gravitational field with higher derivatives are analyzed.