电子和X射线激发原子核

本文研究了关於电子激发原子核的理论。对当原子核由於各多极核矩和电子的电磁相互作用而引起的激发截面进行了一些估计,并且导出表示电子和X射线对原子核激发现象相互关系的公式。这公式仅是原子核能级跃迁中的能量、角动量、和宇称的函数,而不因其他原子核性质而变。把理论的结果和激发In¹¹⁵的试验测量作了一些比较。不过因为缺乏充分的实验测量数据,没能从这比较上得到肯定的结论。於是建议了一些可能进行的研究原子核能级的试验方法。

THE EXCITATION OF NUCLEI BY ELECTRONS AND X-RAYS

The theory of the excitation of nuclei by electrons of intermediate energy has been studied. Cross sections for the excitation of nuclei due to the interaction of the electromagnetic field of the electron with the electric dipole, qua-drupole, and with the magnetic dipole and quadrupole moments of the nucleus have been evaluated explicitly in terms of these moments.A relationship between the electro-excitation cross section and corresponding X-ray excitation cross section is established. This relationship is independent of all properties of the nucleus except for the change in the energy, angular momentum and parity involved in the transition.The predictions of the theory are compared with the experimental measurements in the excitation of In¹¹⁵. It is found that no definite information about the nuclear levels is obtained by this comparison because of insufficient precise experimental results. Measurements which would lead to information about the properties of the nuclear states are suggested.